清华附中稻香湖学校提倡游戏化教学

英文课堂如何才能够更加有趣？孩子们如何才能持续性地积极参与其中？如何能够在快乐轻松的气氛中，实现最高的课堂效率？相信很多老师都有这样类似的疑问，也都做过很多积极的尝试。今天，让我们来一起认识一个概念，通过对这个概念的了解，我们可以更好地提升课堂效率，让学习变得更加有趣，大大提升孩子们学习英文的兴趣。这个概念就是——游戏化。

How can English class be more interesting? How can children continue to be actively involved? How to achieve the highest classroom efficiency in a happy and relaxed atmosphere? I believe many teachers have similar questions and have made many positive attempts. Today, let's talk about a concept together. By understanding this concept, we can better improve the efficiency of class, make learning more interesting and greatly enhance children's interest in learning English. The concept is Gamification.

什么是游戏化？

“《基于游戏的培训和教育方法与策略》将其定义为使用基于游戏的机制、美学和游戏思维来吸引人们、激发行动、促进学习和解决问题。”

—— Karl Kapp

游戏化教学策略的应用，底层逻辑就是使用游戏的机制和思维来激发孩子的内驱力，从而达到参与课堂、喜欢课堂、提升学习效率的目的。在游戏化课堂中，我们可以使用两种教学手段和策略——使用游戏本身和使用带有游戏特征的教学场景。

What is gamification?

"Game-Based Methods and Strategies for Training and Education, defines it as the use of game-based mechanics, aesthetics and game thinking to engage people, motivate action, promote learning and solve problems."

- Karl Kapp

The application of gamification teaching strategy is to use the mechanism of games to stimulate children's motivation, so as to achieve the purpose of helping students participate in class, enjoy class and improve learning efficiency. In a gamified classroom, we can use two teaching strategies - using game itself, and using game mechanics.

使用游戏本身是非常简单但是有效的策略。比如说我们可以用到连线配对、解开谜题、收集卡片、探险活动、游戏积分和角色扮演等游戏形式，和课堂内容相结合，设计有趣的活动，帮助学生提升对学习的兴趣和热情。以下是在课堂中老师们经常使用的英语游戏设计：

1. Kaboom

在每个小木棒上写一道题目，学生随机抽取一根，如果能够顺利答出正确答案，则保留木棒并得1分，如果学生抽到写有“Kaboom”字样的木棒，则全部分数失效，收回木棒，重新通关。通关要求和比分设置可以根据学科知识点数量来自行调整。

2. Bomb Game

教师给学生几张题目卡，学生随机抽取，抽取卡片之后进行答题，答题之后会激活结果盲盒，盲盒中包括分数、炸弹、指令和小偷。抽到分数则给小组加分，抽到指令则需完成任务，抽到炸弹则去快速躲藏到安全距离之后，如果抽到小偷则小组上一轮的分数被“偷走”。

3. Treasure Hunt

老师在指定安全区域内提前藏好问题和答案卡，学生需要在规定时间内快速找到卡片，并自行配对（拿答案卡的学生需要与拿正确答案卡的学生配对），匹配完成之后找到老师求证，如正确则加分，如错误则需要重新回到区域搜索答案。

4. Board Game

在经典的棋盘游戏中，教师提前准备好棋盘、闯关问题和大骰子，孩子转动骰子则可以前进并且回答问题或完成指令任务。棋盘闯关游戏具有不确定性，可能前进，可能倒退，但也正是这种不确定性，给孩子们带来了无尽的乐趣。

5. Maze Chase

线上“吃豆人”小游戏，学生需要操控吃豆人尽快找到正确的答案并且安全抵达，路上还会有很多小怪物的干扰，紧张刺激。

6. Can you find the difference?

“大家来找茬”英语版。两张图片找不同。学生需要用英语对图片和不同之处进行描述，不能简单地指或者说中文。在这个活动中，孩子们会努力用自己的方式表达第一张图片和第二张图片，并且努力调动自己的词汇积累。

Using game itself is a very simple but effective strategy. For example, we can use game forms such as matchmaking, solving puzzles, collecting cards, adventure activities, collecting game points and role playing to design interesting activities in combination with classroom content to help students increase their interest and enthusiasm for learning. Here are some examples of English game design that teachers often use in the classroom:

1.Kaboom

Write a question/word on each stick, and let students randomly select one. If they can answer correctly, they will keep the stick and get 1 point. If they draw a stick with "Kaboom" on it, all the points will be lost, and the stick will be taken back by teacher and the whole game will restart. Score settings can be adjusted according to subject knowledge.

2.Bomb Game

Teacher gives students several question cards, and the students pick them randomly. After picking the cards, they answer the questions. After answering the questions, the blind box will be activated, which includes scores, bombs, instructions and thieves. Students may get points or some instructions. If they get bombs, they need to hide in the safe area. When thieves come out, their scores will be stolen.

3.Treasure Hunt

Teacher hide some question and answer cards in advance in the classroom, and students need to quickly find the card within the given time, and match correct answers with the question.

4.Board Game

In a classic board game, teacher prepares the board, questions and a large dice in advance, and student rolls the dice to move forward, answer questions or complete tasks. Board game has uncertainty, and it brings lots of fun to students.

5.Maze Chase

Students need to control Pac-Man to find the correct answer as soon as possible. There will be a lot of monsters on the way, so they need to be quick and keep the Pac-Man safe.

6. Can you find the difference?

There are two similar pictures on the board, and students need to find the small differences and use English to describe it. Students try their best to speak English as much as possible.          

使用带有游戏特征的教学场景是孩子们非常喜欢的学习方式，类似于项目式学习，它让学习内容和孩子的生活体验相关联，让孩子们从学科的角度去思考现实问题、运用学科知识解决问题，并且加入游戏机制——孩子们需要“打怪升级”，才能完成终极任务。通过一系列的活动设计，激发学生学习兴趣，达到提高教学效率的效果。

The use of teaching scenarios with game features is a learning method that children really enjoy. Similar to project-based learning, the learning content is related to children's life experience, so that children can think about real problems from the perspective of subject knowledge and then use knowledge to solve them. Adding game mechanics can make projects full of fun. Students need to "fight monsters and upgrade" in order to complete the ultimate task. Gamification plays an important role in stimulating students' interest in learning and improving teaching efficiency.

比如说，在英文课堂上，老师们设想出了一个虚拟场景——地球即将被外星人袭击，学生需要通过答题闯关完成任务，解锁秘密武器，从而保护地球和地球上的生命。

For example, in English class, teacher can design a virtual scenario - the earth is about to be attacked by aliens, and students need to answer questions to complete tasks and unlock secret weapons to protect our earth.

再比如说，在写作课堂上，孩子们学习了如何写议论文，使自己的观点更有说服力；老师就提出，孩子们需要完成每一个小句子和小段落的写作，从而进行积分，在积分达到目标的时候，就可以给校长写信提出自己对学校的建议了！在闯关的游戏机制的激励下，孩子们把学习变成了游戏，将游戏融入了学习，课堂效率被大大提高，孩子的内驱力化为了促使他们学习的原动力。

For another example, in a writing class, students learned how to write persuasive article to make their views more convincing. Teacher suggested that children need to complete the writing of each small sentence and small paragraph in order to score points. When the points reach the goal, they can write to the principal to make their suggestions for the school! Inspired by the game mechanism, students turned their learning into games and integrated games into their learning. Classroom efficiency was greatly improved, and children's internal motivation became the driving force behind their learning.

不仅可以使用课堂游戏来实现游戏化教学，使用游戏机制来组织课堂也是其中一种有效的策略。比如说一些正向激励手段——学生奖状、奖章、小组积分、奖品兑换活动等等。所有游戏化课堂的最终效果，就是提升孩子们学习的驱动力，当驱动力满分的时候，即使遇到很大的挑战，孩子们都会想方设法克服它！学习，就在激动人心和快乐满满的游戏中，自然而然地发生了。

Using game mechanics to manage classroom is also an effective strategy. For example, teachers can use some positive incentives, such as student certificates, medals, group points, prize exchange activities, etc. The ultimate effect of all gamified classroom is to enhance student’s motivation. When motivation is strong, even if they encounter great challenges, they will try their best to overcome it! In this way, learning happens easily and happily.

国际学校网《清华附中稻香湖学校提倡游戏化教学 》原文地址：https://guojixiao.com/z/26571.html